Learning a Programming Language is almost always a blessing for your career. Whether you are a newbie or pretty hardcore at your programming skill. If you want to hone your programming skill or just try to learn to code. Learning a new programming language is going to benefit you. But the decision of picking a programming language to learn can be a very tedious job. Learning a programming language shapes your thinking as a programmer. So, you always want to make a good decision when it comes to picking a programming language to learn.
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| Programming Languages to Learn in 2022 |
Below, we go over some of the best programming languages and their most common use-cases. So, you can decide which is suitable for you, your interests, and your career goals.
1. JavaScript
JavaScript is a dynamically typed, just-in-time compiled, lightweight programming language that was created by Netscape in 1995. JavaScript is indisputably the most popular programming language. According to Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2021, JavaScript is the most popular programming language among developers for the ninth year in a row. 65% of the respondents reported that they used JavaScript in the last year.
While JavaScript is an essential part of the web, many non-browser environments also run it, such as JavaScript Core (React-Native), Node.js, Adobe Acrobat, etc.
Because of its C-like syntax and dynamic type, it is one of the most beginner-friendly programming languages.
While web front-end programming is almost impossible without JavaScript, on the backend node.js shines. React native is also a popular choice if you want to share up to 95% of your code between Android and iOS applications.
Despite being a 27 years old programming language, it has evolved to a great height. Recently it has adopted some Functional Programming standards which have made JavaScript more robust as a programming language.
Because of its popularity, searching for a job as a JavaScript programmer is easy wherever you live.
2. Golang
If you want a programming language that is robust, simple, and modern, the Go programming language is definitely for you. Go programming language is garbage collected, statically typed, and designed with contemporary web application needs in mind. Go was built by Google in 2007 and publicly announced in 2009.
- Awesome concurrency support. Its goroutine and channel make it easy to write complex concurrent programs.
- Go is a simple language. So, it can be learned in no time. Also, its code is concise and readable. Because of this desire, designers omitted common features that are available in similar languages.
- Blazing fast compilation time. Because of no symbol table and efficient dependency analysis Go programs compilation time is almost magical.
- Go is not an OOP language. It has an 'interface' keyword that provides runtime polymorphism.
- Go 1.8 includes generics and Fuzzing in the standard library. This makes Golang more ideal to write concise and secure code.
Go is an open-source language, and ambitious developers can see their personal contributions adopted and enjoyed by programmers. For its blazing-fast performance and readable code, Go is a good choice for someone trying to learn a new programming language.
3. Dart (Flutter)
Dart was launched in 2011 by Google. At first, it was built to write web applications. Dart is also a simple language; thus, it can be an ideal first programming language. Just hit the Dartpad URL through the browser to try dart. Dart became more popular when flutter was released by Google. Flutter apps are easy to develop and cross-platform. So, you can write a single codebase to build android, iOS, web, and desktop applications. Flutter's hot reload helps you experiment, build UIs, add features, and fix bugs faster. In many countries, flutter is a go-to choice for startups.
Flutter's "everything is widget" philosophy makes this ideal for newcomers also. Flutter desktop and web apps are not as good as their mobile apps. Many startup companies are using flutter to build mobile apps worldwide.
In 2022, this technology is going to explode. A lot of people are going to search for developers on this technology.
4. Python
Python is conceivably the most user-friendly programming language on this list. Its easy syntax and dynamic typing make it a popular choice for beginners. Python has versatile use cases. It has a massive collection of libraries and frameworks to make it an ideal choice for nearly everything. It is heavily used in machine learning and
data science. Libraries like Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, Keras, Pandas, Py Brain, and NumPy make it a good choice for data science and machine learning.
Python is also heavily used for web backends. Frameworks like flask and Django make development really easy. Some of the most popular sites like YouTube, Quora, Spotify, Netflix, and many other big companies have Python in their backend. A task that takes hours in PHP can be completed in minutes on Python. It is also good for web scraping. Python developers are also one of the highest-paid developers out there.
It is also a great choice for learning because of its learning materials availability. Its enormous and friendly community is also a plus. Because of its job availability and user-friendliness, it is a good choice for everyone.
5. Rust
Rust provides features that make software development smooth and reliable. It is no surprise that Rust has been the most loved programming language for seven years in a row as reported by Stack Overflow Survey. There are hundreds of
thousands of crates (Rust code libraries) are available on crates.io which makes it easy to find libraries for the Rust project.
Reliability is the bread-and-butter of Rust programs, which is why Rust is the programming language of the future. Some of the features that make Rust stand out are:
- Rust compiler acts like a personal code assistant. It checks and provides detailed help messages. Once the compiler is satisfied, programmers can be sure the code will run correctly, efficiently, and reliably.
- Rust has pattern matching for handling branches. This feature borrowed from Ocaml makes code so readable and concise. Once someone uses it, it is hard to go back.
- It has good support for concurrency. Its message-passing concurrency makes it easy to build complex concurrent programs.
- Rust has no null value. This feature makes code much safer in the runtime. It provides an option type that is very readable and must be handled.
- WASM makes web applications much faster and more suitable for the future. Though WASM can be written in many languages, Rust has become the de-facto language when targeting WASM on the web.
Rust was created to replace low-level unsafe languages like C++. It is one of the best systems programming languages. For starting out, click Rust Playground to write some code. For systems programming or writing software that is safe and reliable, Rust is definitely a good choice.
6. Swift
Swift is a fast, general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language developed by Apple to replace Objective C. However, Swift is designed to be safer and allows the novice developer to focus on concepts instead of syntax. It is a great first
language. Someone who is a newcomer to programming can learn swift in no time.
If anyone wants to build anything for apple devices, Swift is the definitive choice. Swift provides rapid development time. It is greatly inspired by functional programming languages. That is why it is so much fun to write. Swift has exceptional support for interop with the C language.
A great company like Apple is supporting Swift. Its ide XCode supports Swift out of the box. Someone new to programming can get up and running without hassle. Swift garbage collection is done by ARC (Automatic Reference Counting). That is why memory leaks are not possible in programs written in Swift.
Job searching as a swift dev is also an easy task. As a lot of companies make apps for iOS. So, it is one of the best choices for someone entering the world of programming or moving on to Apple Ecosystem development.
Most popular programming languages 2021
The following table shows the most popular programming languages in 2021.
| Dec 2021 | Change | Programming language | Share | Trends |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Python | 30.21 % | -0.5 % | |
| 2 | Java | 17.82 % | +1.3 % | |
| 3 | JavaScript | 9.16 % | +0.6 % | |
| 4 | C# | 7.53 % | +1.0 % | |
| 5 | C/C++ | 6.82 % | +0.6 % | |
| 6 | PHP | 5.84 % | -0.2 % | |
| 7 | R | 3.81 % | -0.0 % | |
| 8 | ↑ | Swift | 2.03 % | -0.2 % |
| 9 | ↓ | Objective-C | 2.02 % | -1.6 % |
| 10 | ↑ | Matlab | 1.73 % | -0.1 % |
| 11 | ↓ | TypeScript | 1.63 % | -0.2 % |
| 12 | ↑ | Go | 1.52 % | +0.2 % |
| 13 | ↓ | Kotlin | 1.44 % | -0.2 % |
| 14 | VBA | 1.27 % | +0.1 % | |
| 15 | ↑ | Rust | 0.94 % | -0.2 % |
| 16 | ↓ | Ruby | 0.89 % | -0.2 % |
| 17 | ↑↑ | Ada | 0.86 % | +0.2 % |
| 18 | Scala | 0.63 % | -0.1 % | |
| 19 | ↑↑ | Dart | 0.61 % | +0.0 % |
| 20 | ↑↑↑ | Abap | 0.55 % | +0.1 % |
| 21 | ↓↓↓↓ | Visual Basic | 0.53 % | -0.2 % |
| 22 | ↑↑↑ | Groovy | 0.48 % | +0.1 % |
| 23 | ↓↓↓ | Lua | 0.47 % | -0.2 % |
| 24 | Julia | 0.36 % | -0.0 % | |
| 25 | ↓↓↓ | Perl | 0.3 % | -0.2 % |
| 26 | ↑ | Haskell | 0.28 % | +0.0 % |
| 27 | ↓ | Cobol | 0.26 % | -0.1 % |
Summary
Despite each language having strengths and caveats, what language is best depends on the project you are working on and what you already know or what you want to get into. Each of the languages mentioned above has a great future ahead of them. Each of the languages on the list has jobs almost anywhere. But the job market depends on the location.
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